Tag Archive | Nineveh

Journaling through the Bible Chronologically in 2025, Days 215 & 216

Aug4

NOTE: Sunday and Monday studies are posted together on Monday.

Day 215 – Reading – I2 Chronicles 32 – 33, 

Day 216 – Reading – Nahum 1 – 3

Read today’s Scriptures … ANYWHERE you find yourself this summer. Stay in the WORD!

Day 215 – 2 Chronicles 32.

This chapter repeats some of what we learned about this time from 2 Kings and Isaiah. 

After chapter 31 listed all the good things Hezekiah did in removing idolatry and his faithfulness to God, Sennacherib and his hordes invaded Judah.  (Was this a test from the LORD?  If so, Hezekiah passed with flying colors.)

At the (verbal and written) threats from the king of Assyria and his commander, itemizing how “weak” and “impotent” Israel’s God was compared to their great army, God showed them up. Hezekiah went to the LORD and prayed, and Isaiah encouraged him.  Then God acted. The whole Assyrian army was killed in one night, and the King went home (with “shame on his face”), only to be assassinated by his own sons.

Then chapter 32 reviews the grave illness of Hezekiah, his prayer, and God’s answer of 15 more years of life.  After this answer to prayer, it seems that Hezekiah’s heart became proud. (Of his wealth?  Of his amazing answers to prayer? Of his extreme wealth? )  Regardless, self-pride over something that GOD DID brought God’s wrath on him, in the foretelling of Jerusalem’s eventual destruction. However, Hezekiah humbled himself, and God’s wrath did not come during his lifetime.

This chapter also reviews his foolishness in revealing all his riches and military strength to an “envoy from Babylon.” 

The other accounts say they came because they heard of Hezekiah’s illness, but this account adds that they were sent to “inquire about the sign that had been done in the land.”  You know it, that reversing of the sundial ten degrees.   If the sun went back in Israel, so it did everywhere, including Babylon.  That “far away land” was known for its astronomers (just like at Jesus’ birth, when that special star appeared), and they came to investigate.

Isaiah scolded Hezekiah for showing off all he had, and told him what he had revealed would be taken away by that very country (about 100 years later), Jerusalem would be destroyed, and his son’s taken captive.  Hezekiah, like us, shrugged and said, “Well, at least not in MY time…”

At Hezekiah’s death, those 15 years later, “all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem did him honor.”  Then his son Manasseh, who was conceived and born in those very 15 years, became king, and a very wicked one at that.

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2 Chronicles 33.

This whole chapter is about Manasseh, who reigned in Jerusalem 55 years, and the horrible evil he did for most of them.  He reversed all the good that his father, Hezekiah, had done (So he KNEW what was right! What got into him???), and restored all the idolatrous places for pagan worship, EVEN IN THE TEMPLE of the LORD GOD, and caused the people to stray into more evil than had King Ahab in the north.  

He went farther into devilish evil that had existed before Hezekiah. He sacrificed his sons on the burning altar of Molech, as had his grandfather, Ahaz.  And in direct violation of God’s law, Manasseh used fortunetellers, omens, sorcery, mediums, and necromancers to divine truth and direction.  (Not like Hezekiah, who went before God in the Temple for help and to pray for direction.) 

God warned Manasseh through his prophets about the coming fierce judgment for Judah and Jerusalem and the people, but he and the people “paid no attention.”  Tradition says Manasseh killed Isaiah, the prophet of God, by torture (maybe because he didn’t want to hear those awful coming events.).

As a foretaste, the LORD brought upon them commanders of another king of Assyria (Ashurbanipal), who captured Manasseh “with hooks!” and put him on trial in their vassal city of Babylon.  There, a miracle happened!!

In distress, Manasseh “entreated the favor of the LORD his God and humbled himself greatly before the God of his fathers. He prayed to him, and God was moved by his entreaty and heard his plea and brought him again to Jerusalem into his Kingdom. Then Manasseh knew that the LORD was God.”

CAN YOU BELIEVE THAT???

OH, THE MERCY AND FORGIVENESS OF GOD!!

GOD HEARS AND ANSWERS THOSE OF A BROKEN AND CONTRITE HEART – even the most wicked!

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NOTE: (This reminds me of the story of the “Amazing Grace” songwriter, John Newton. He learned about the things of God from his mom at an early age, but then strayed into all kinds of cruelty and debauchery for most of his life. But at an older age, with death by shipwreck facing him, he turned and cried to God.  And God saved him.  Later he wrote, “Amazing grace, how sweet the sound, that saved a wretch like me!”)

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Manasseh went home and “took away the foreign gods and the idol from the temple, and all the altars he had built in Jerusalem. He restored the altar of God and offered sacrifices of peace and thanksgiving. He commanded Judah to serve the LORD, the God of Israel.”

(NOTE: It’s mentioned in this chapter that Manasseh’s prayer was recorded in “the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah” and “the Chronicles of the Seers (or Prophets).” Hmmm, I’d love to read those, but God determined it wasn’t necessary to preserve them for us.)

Eventually, this converted sinner king died, and his son, Amon, reigned.  This man was not affected by his father’s conversion.  He learned early the horrible practices of Idolatry and again sacrificed to idols and images.   He “incurred more and more guilt.”  And eventually, his servants killed him in his house.

Then the people of the land (Jerusalem’s leaders) killed Amon’s assassins and installed the very young Josiah (8 years old) as king in his place.

(Sneak preview:  Josiah did what was RIGHT in the eyes of the Lord…)

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DAY 216 – Nahum 1-3 

Not much is known about the prophet Nahum (meaning “comfort”). He was from Elkosh, but that is an unknown place. (It could have been Al Qosh in northern Iraq, meaning he was a descendant of one of the early Jewish captives of Assyria. He could have been from Capernaum (“Town of Nahum”) in the northern kingdom, or even from southern Judah. (see Nahum 1:15).  We don’t know, and it really doesn’t matter.)

He prophesied a message against Nineveh, the capital of Assyria, probably before the death of King Ashurbanipal. (Remember him? He was the king who captured Manasseh “with hooks” and took him to Babylon for trial?)  Assyria had recovered from the defeat (and embarrassment) of Sennacherib.  Now, the great Assyrian Empire spread from Babylon to Egypt.

This was probably 100 years after Jonah preached to Nineveh, and they repented. Now they have returned to idolatry and violence, at the height of their power. 

Think of Nahum as a “sequel to Jonah.”

Nahum predicted the FULFILLMENT of the judgment that Jonah SO wanted.

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Nahum 1.

Verses 1-2, and 6 describe the LORD towards his enemies, the guilty.

  • “The LORD is a JEALOUS and AVENGING God, the LORD is AVENGING and WRATHFUL; the LORD takes VENGEANCE on His adversaries and keeps WRATH for his  enemies.
  • “The LORD is low to anger and great in power, and the LORD will by no means clear the guilty.”
  • “Who can stand before His INDIGNATION? who can endure the heat of his ANGER?

Specific prophecies against Nineveh.

  • “With an overflowing flood, He will make a complete end of the adversaries. (Nineveh’s walls reached 100 feet high.  The moat surrounding the city was 150 feet wide and 60 feet deep.  The “overflowing flood” that God brought was when the Tigris River flooded, joined the moat waters to destroy enough of the walls of Nineveh to let the Babylonians through.)
  • “Though they are at full strength and many, they will be cut down and pass away. (As the LORD cut down the 185,000 soldiers encircling Jerusalem in one night, so shall he do to Nineveh.)

But to those who put their hope in the LORD … “He is good, a stronghold in the day of trouble; He knows those who take refuge in Him.”

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Nahum 2.

This is a vivid picture of the destruction of Nineveh. (Jonah would have LOVED this!)

  • “The SCATTERER has come up against you.”  Assyria made a practice of scattering it’s captives throughout its empire. Now it would happen to them.
  • “The shield of his mighty men is red; his soldiers are clothed in scarlet…” Shields were covered with hide, dyed red to absorb flaming arrows and mask the sight of blood.
  • “Chariots come with flashing metal, they race madly, rush to and from through the streets; they gleam like torches…  Polished metal on the chariots would catch the sun and flash like lightning.
  • And the conquerors raise a siege tower, while the waters of the flooding Tigris river and moat “melt the palace away.”  “Nineveh is like a pool whose waters run away.”
  • “Desolate! Desolation and ruin! Hearts melt and knees tremble.”
  • “Plunder the silver, plunder the gold! There is no end of the treasure or of the wealth of precious things.”  Assyria plundered other nations, including Israel. Now it was there turn.

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Nahum 3.

Nahum continues on with the gruesome details of the end of Nineveh, the capital of Assyria.

  • “Woe to the bloody city.”  
  • “The crack of the whip… the rumble of the wheel… galloping horse and bounding chariot.  Horsemen charging, flashing sword, glittering spear… 
  • Try to picture or imagine the carnage of the city of Nineveh.  “A HOST of slain, HEAPS of corpses, dead bodies WITHOUT END… They stumble over the bodies!  Your shepherds are ASLEEP, O king of Assyria; your nobles SLUMBER. Your people are SCATTERED on the mountains with none to gather them (THEIR BODIES). 

 

And “all who hear the news about you clap their hands over you.”

Yes, Jonah is clapping his hands, no doubt.

Journaling through the Bible Chronologically in 2025, Days 187 & 188

Jul7

Day 187 – Reading – 2 Kings 14, and 2 Chronicles 25

Day 188 – Reading Jonah 1 – 4

Read today’s Scriptures.  Do you see connections?

2 Kings 14 & 2 Chronicles 25.

These two chapters essentially tell the same story, but with a few different details.  It’s a bit confusing because BOTH the King of Israel and the King of Judah are named Joash! It would be like the President of the United States and the President of Russia BOTH named Trump.  Can you imagine the confusion in the press!!

Then, the southern kingdom of Judah’s King Joash was assassinated by his own servants, and his son, Amaziah, succeeded him as king.  Amaziah was a semi-good king, at least at first, doing what was “mostly right in the sight of the LORD,” but not quite as well as David.  The first thing Amaziah did was to kill the servants who had killed his father, Joash. (Remember, Joash killed Zechariah, the priest, the son of the priest who’d raised him. Two servants then conspired to kill  him.) Now the new king killed those servants. What a chain of cruelty and death! Will it stop there?

Amaziah mustered an army in Judah (along with 100K paid mercenaries from Israel) to fight against the men of Mt. Seir (Edom).  But God told him NOT to use soldiers from Israel.  God was NOT with them, but God WOULD help Judah alone to defeat Edom.  Amaziah sent the Israeli soldiers home (which made them mad), and went on to defeat Edom.

But, those 100K mercenaries, angry at not being able to go to war (and get loot), attacked and looted cities in Judah and Jerusalem!!

And then, Amaziah came back with – get this – some idols of the Edomites. And he started worshiping THEM!!  Can you believe it??  God sent a prophet to reprimand the king, but Amaziah made him stop.

Feeling emboldened, Amaziah sent to Israel and challenged King Joash of Israel to fight him. WHAT??  King Joash told King Amaziah to “Stay home, you little weed (thistle)!”  But Amaziah would not listen.  Why?  GOD HAD ORDAINED HIS DOWNFALL because of the idols from Edom.

The two kings, with their armies, fought at Beth-Shemesh in Judah’s territory, and Judah was defeated.  The southern army ran away, and King Amaziah was captured. The northern king then went to Jerusalem and seized all the gold, silver, and all the vessels that were in the Temple and the king’s own house, and even broke down part of Jerusalem’s wall!  He took hostages (but left King Amaziah there) and returned to Samaria, with a smug smirk on his lips. Thistle indeed!

Amaziah lived 15 more years, but a conspiracy against him made him flee to Lachish (a fortified city about 25 miles southwest of Jerusalem). But the angry people went after him and killed him there.  The people then put his son, the sixteen-year-old Azariah, in his place as king.  (Azariah did right in God’s sight and reigned 52 years!)

Meanwhile, back in Israel, King Joash also died and was buried in Samaria.  His son Jeroboam II succeeded him.  Unsurprisingly, he did what was “EVIL in the sight of the LORD.”

Now, here is an interesting fact.  The LORD used Jeroboam to “restore some of the borders of Israel, east of the Jordan River.  Why?  “The LORD saw that the affliction of Israel was very bitter, for there was none left, bond or free, none to help Israel. The LORD had not said that He would blot out the name of Israel from under heaven, so He saved them by the hand of Jeroboam.”  WHAT MERCY!

And, according to (2 Kings 14:25), who told Jeroboam to go and do that? 

NONE OTHER THAN THE PROPHET OF GOD — JONAH!!   

But we are much more familiar with the prophet’s other story.

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Jonah 1 – 4.

We’ve all heard about “Jonah and the whale” from Sunday School stories and children’s books. Those stories usually tell how Jonah was thrown overboard in a storm and was swallowed by a whale. Then God made the critter spit him out on the shore three days later, after he prayed.

All true.

But much more.

First, his name means “Dove.”  Today, we would think of “peace,” or someone who is anti-war.  Well, Jonah WAS a rebel, for sure, but not anti-war.  Earlier, God had used Jonah to encourage Jeroboam II to push back against the Syrians, which he did, and gained back almost as much land for Israel as in the days of David and Solomon. 

But the Syrians had grown weak.  Soon, a greater, fiercer, and crueler nation would swallow them up, and then look toward Israel.  Who? The Assyrians. Whereas Syria’s capital was Damascus, the capital of Assyria was Nineveh, WAY to the North-East, over 500 miles away.

“Go to that wicked city, Nineveh, and tell them to repent,” God told Jonah.

“No way!” said the prophet of God, who was all for defeating Israel’s enemies.  Jonah promptly went down to Joppa and bought a ticket on a boat to Tarshish. (Modern Spain, which is WAY to the West.) 

  • Verse 3 states twice that Jonah was “fleeing the presence of the LORD.”  Is that possible?  We may think so, but remember God is “omnipresent,” which means everywhere at once. 
  • Check out Psalm 139:7-10, where David asks the question, “Where shall I flee from Your presence?  Heaven? You are there. The grave? You are there. The uttermost parts of the sea?  Even there, Your hand shall hold me.”  I guess Jonah never read that psalm.

The boat sailed. Jonah went below deck for a nap. God “HURLED” a great wind on the sea, which whipped up into a horrible tempest!  The ship started to break up!  The sailors were terrified and began to pray to their god (Poseidon?).  They hurled the cargo into the sea (There goes their profit!)  Then, at his request, they hurled the prophet into the sea as well.

(Jonah had told them the true God of Heaven was angry with him. They got REALLY afraid – that’s why they obeyed and tossed him overboard.)

Immediately, no wind and placid seas.

That terrified the sailors even more, and they WORSHIPPED the LORD.  (A foretaste of Nineveh?)

Down, down, down went Jonah. Right into the mouth of a great fish that God had prepared. (Like Moby Dick??)

AND JONAH PRAYED TO THE LORD FROM THE BELLY OF THE FISH!

Not exactly repentance, but an acknowledgment of God’s sovereignty.  The “vow” in verse 9 could have been a vow to carry out God’s call to preach in Nineveh.

And the LORD spoke to the fish, and it vomited (Yuck!) Jonah on dry land.  “Terra firma, Hooray!”  Good to be there.  Then…

Again came God’s message, “Go to Nineveh. Call out against it with the message I will give you.”

“Yeah, yeah. I KNOW, God.”

So, after a “swish-off” in the Mediterranean, Jonah set off, Eastward.

How long it took him, we don’t know.  Did he catch a ride with a caravan, or hot-foot it all the way?  Regardless, Jonah finally arrived at that great city (in modern-day Iraq).  The city was HUGE!  It would take a person THREE DAYS to walk across it. (Like Los Angeles??)

Jonah went halfway in and cried, “IN 40 DAYS, NINEVEH WILL BE OVERTHROWN!” And then he left, went outside the city to a hill, and sat down to watch the “holy fireworks.”

They didn’t come.

Instead, the whole city repented. (FROM ONE 7-WORD SERMON!!)  The people believed God. They put on sackcloth in mourning for their sin, the king too, and all his court.

He proclaimed a fast from all food and water (for the animals as well!) and told the people to “Call out mightily to God. Turn everyone from his evil ways and the violence he’s done. For who knows?  God may turn and relent from His fierce anger, and we may not perish.”

And when God saw their hearts, He relented of the disaster that He said he would do to them.  (At least for a while.)

Not what Jonah imagined, or wanted. He was furious! 

  • “SEE!!!  This is what I said would happen when I was back home!
  • This is why I fled to Tarshish! 
  • I KNEW You were a gracious God, merciful, slow to anger, abounding in mercy, and relenting from disaster!    (He was quoting Psalm 103, now, so I guess he did read God’s word.)

JONAH SHOULD HAVE BEEN THANKFUL that God was merciful… a God of second chances. Or else, he might have still been in that fish’s belly, rotting away!

  • Oh, please just kill me, for that is better than living (and seeing this!)

It got very hot.  Jonah put up a lean-to to shade himself while he watched. And the good and kind LORD caused a vine to grow up over the lean-to, which added more shade and a sweet fragrance.

Nice. 

Jonah settled back.

Then the good and kind LORD caused a worm to kill the plant.  And the next day, a scorching east wind blew, and the sun beat down. 

Jonah was angry that the plant died.  “It’s better for me to die than to live,” he moaned.

“You are angry and pity a vine that you did not plant or cause to grow, that came into being in a night and  perished in a night?”

“YES!“

And the good and kind LORD said, “And should I not pity Nineveh, a great city, in which there are more than 120K small children?”

No answer.

Silence.

About 40 years later, the NEXT generation of Assyrians reverted to their evil, violent ways. They came down on Israel, destroyed the kings, and carried the people away into captivity, never to return. 

End of the northern kingdom. 

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(**** Ah, LORD, You are faithful to save, when people turn their hearts from sin and trust in You…. at the preaching of Your Word.  

"For the scripture says, Everyone who believes in Him will not be put to shame. 
For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek. 
For the same Lord is Lord of all, bestowing His riches on ALL who call on Him. 
For everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.
How then will they call on Him in whom they have not believed?
And how are they to believe in Him of whom they have never heard?
And how are they to hear without someone preaching?
And how are they to preach unless they are sent?"
Romans 10:11-15.






			


	



			
				


	

		
2024GOAL – Reading Through The Bible Chronologically, day 216


					
Aug3
			


	

		
    Day 216—We are in the EIGHTH month of Bible reading, with more of Israel’s history and prophecy.


    Day 216 – Nahum 1-3 (Prophecy about the Assyrian capital of Nineveh; a sequel to Jonah)


Nahum 1 begins clearly as a prophecy (oracle) about Nineveh, stating the attributes of God that make her destruction inevitable.  God is jealous, avenging, and wrathful against His adversaries and enemies. He is powerful over all aspects of creation.


He is good, a stronghold in the day of trouble for those who know to take refuge in Him… but with an overflowing flood, He will make a COMPLETE END of the adversaries. 


It’s interesting that Nineveh had walls 100 feet tall and a moat 150 wide and 60 feet deep, but God caused the Tigris River to flood into the city, eroding the walls so that the Babylonians could overtake it.  “Thus says the LORD, though they are at full strength and many, they will be cut down and pass away.


And the prophet encourages Judah about them, “Behold, upon the mountains, the feet of him who brings good news, who publishes peace! Keep your feasts, O Judah; fulfill your vows, for NEVER AGAIN shall the worthless pass through you; he is utterly cut off.”


 


Nahum 2 details the imminent destruction of Nineveh, including the mad, confused race to mount an army to defend itself. “The chariots race madly through the streets; they rush to and fro through the squares.”    


“He remembers his officers; they stumble as they go, they hasten to the wall; the siege tower is set up.” 


 “The river gates are opened; the palace melts away.”  (flood water destroying clay walls)


“Nineveh is like a pool whose waters run away.  “Halt! Halt! they cry, but none turns back.”   


“Desolate! Desolation and ruin! Hearts melt and knees tremble, anguish is in all loins; all faces grow pale!”


“Behold, I am against you, declares the LORD of hosts, and I will burn your chariots in smoke and the sword shall devour your young lions….”


 


In Nahum 3, three charges are listed against Nineveh: 1) unusual cruelty & treachery, 2) spiritual & moral harlotry, and 3) pride/arrogance in her own security. 


But to the LORD of hosts, all Nineveh’s fortresses were like “fig trees with ripe fruit – easily plucked.” 


All her troops were “women.” 


Her mighty gates “stood wide open.”


Her princes were like “grasshoppers,” her scribes like “locusts settling on fences.” When the sun rises they fly away. 


“Your shepherds are sheep, O king of Assyria. 


There is no easing your hurt; your wound is grievous (fatal). All who hear the news about you clap their hands over you. For UPON WHOM has not come your unceasing evil?”


 


And Jonah would be clapping his hands loudest, I believe.


 





			


	



			
				


	

		
2024GOAL – Reading Through The Bible Chronologically, day 188


					
Jul6
			


	

		
    Day 188—We are in the seventh month of Bible reading. Praise God!  We are reading the second minor prophet today.


    Day 188 – Jonah 1 – 4. (God’s rebellious prophet)


From 2 Kings 14:25-27, we know that Jonah (from a town in Zebulun) lived and prophesied in the time of Jeroboam 2nd in the northern kingdom of Israel. He had said that that king would restore much of Israel’s land taken by Syria BECAUSE the LORD had mercy on the people. Even though Jonah knew that God was merciful (Jonah 4:2), he hated that God’s mercy would be shown to the cruel Assyrians.


“Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and call out against it the message I will tell you.”


When God told his prophet to preach to Nineveh, the Assyrian capital, Jonah went in the opposite direction.  Instead of traveling east (toward modern-day Iraq), he hopped aboard a boat bound west for Tarshish (Spain).


He immediately went to sleep. Above him, a storm raged, and the sailors panicked. They prayed to their gods. They tossed the cargo overboard. Finally, they woke Jonah and discovered the real reason for their predicament. He worshipped God, the creator of the land and SEA, and he was running away in disobedience to that God.  “Toss me overboard, and you’ll be okay,” he suggested. They didn’t want to but eventually did what he said. And the storm was immediately calmed….and they praised God.


Jonah preferred death to preaching to the Assyrians. But God did not let him “off the hook.” A specially prepared fish swam by and gobbled up the sinking prophet. Inside that icky fish stomach, the prophet remained for three days. He prayed while the fish swam east, where it finally vomited Jonah onto dry land.


Like an echo, the word of the LORD to Jonah came again, “Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and call out against it the message that I will tell you.”


Can you imagine Jonah’s great sigh as he brushed the sand off and stomped toward Nineveh?  He finally arrived at this massive city (It took three days to walk across it!), walked a third of the way in, and said, “In forty days, Nineveh shall be overthrown!”  


And miracle upon miracle, Nineveh truly repented. From the king down to the cattle, they removed their robes, put on sackcloth, and sat in ashes.  And God relented, just as Jonah knew He would. (Psalm 86:15, 103:8)  (Nineveh was eventually destroyed, but they were given a merciful reprieve here.) 


Meanwhile, Jonah leaves the city, climbs a hill, and waits for the fiery destruction, perhaps like Sodom and Gomorrah?  But inside, he knows it wouldn’t happen. And that angers him. Just like the plant angered him, the one God caused to grow over him for shade, and then it died because a little worm killed it, allowing the burning sun to scorch his head. Nothing, it seems can make Jonah happy.  Jonah even prays to die. 


God chides him for thinking more of a plant than a city full of children and repentant adults. But Jonah remains silent in his gloom. 


 


You might think this was an allegory and not about a real person, except Jeroboam 2nd knew him, and Jesus mentioned him in Matthew 12:39-41 when the Pharisees asked him for a sign. 


“But He answered them, ‘An evil and adulterous generation seeks for a sign, but no sign will be given it except the sign of the prophet Jonah. For just as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.  The men of Nineveh will rise up at the judgment with THIS generation and condemn it, for THEY repented at the preaching of Jonah, and behold, something greater than Jonah is here.”




By the way, the Pharisees were also wrong when they said to Nicodemus that no prophet comes from Galilee.  Did they forget Jonah?  John 7:50-52.